All penguins live south of the equator, from the pack ice of Antarctica to the tropical Galápagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador.
Penguins are specialised marine birds adapted to life at sea.
Penguins in Antarctica can move much faster over ice by `tobogganing’ on their bellies, using their flippers and feet to help them move along.
Penguins have more feathers than most other birds, with about 70 feathers per square 2½ cm.
Penguins have exhibited colour vision and are sensitive to blue, violet and green light.
Penguins generally live on islands and remote continental regions that are free of land predators, where their inability to fly is not harmful to their survival.
King penguins on South Georgia
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