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Lots of people want to visit Antarctica. It is one of the most stunning places on the earth. Over the last few years, the number of people coming here, mainly on cruise ships, has grown enormously. Last year, around 30,000 people came to the Antarctic Peninsula.

Tourists Visiting Cuverville Island
As most of the Antarctic Peninsula is covered by ice, there are a limited number of places where tourists can get off their ships and view the Antarctic wildlife close up. In order to minimise the possibility that tourists might harm the environment or disturb the wildlife, the UK developed Site Guidelines. These set out how visitors should behave at some of the most popular tourist sites.
At the last meeting of those countries who have signed the Antarctic Treaty, held in Stockholm in June 2005, Site Guidelines for four tourist sites were agreed. The UK was then asked to lead a review of these four sites, plus a further seven sites, shown on the map.

Ant Pen Map G-L Sites.3
HMS Endurance was asked by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office to take an international team to visit these sites. An international team, lead by Jane Rumble, Deputy Head of the Polar Regions Unit, and including policy makers and environmental experts from Argentina, Australia, Norway, the United States and from the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) have been onboard during this Work Period. This team have visited ten sites on the north and west of the Peninsula.

International Site Review Team
The team have been looking at what wildlife breeds at each site. They have looked at how close visitors can get to the wildlife. For example, 5 meters for penguins and seals is normally a safe distance to ensure that visitors do not affect their behaviour. However, for species, which are more easily, disturbed, such as Southern Giant Petrels, visitors should keep 50 meters away so they do not get scared away from their nests. The team have also looked at whether visitors should be able to roam freely, or whether they should be led around more sensitive areas in guided groups.

Walking on stream bed to avoid trampling vegetation
There has also been plenty of discussion on board about whether the number of visitors to each site should be limited on a daily or seasonal basis.
The findings of the review team will be put to the Committee of Environmental Protection at the next Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting. It is hoped that the Antarctic Treaty countries will agree all eleven of the revised Site Guidelines.
The next Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting will be held in Edinburgh between 12 and 23 June. This will be a very special occasion for the UK, as it has not hosted the meeting since 1977. The two-week meeting will bring together all of the countries who have signed the Antarctic Treaty to discuss the environmental, legal and political aspects of ensuring that Antarctica is protected as a continent for peace and science.
It is planned that HMS Endurance will visit Edinburgh during the two weeks of the Treaty Meeting, to show the work that the ship does in Antarctica to those at the Meeting, and to the people of Edinburgh.
Jane Rumble
Polar Regions Unit
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
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