Latitude
The latitude of a given point is
calculated by measuring the angle of elevation of that
point above (or below ) the equator. Northern latitudes
if North of the Equator and southern (or negative)
latitude if below it.
In
the
diagram below, the circle represents a cross section through the Earth with the equator running
across the diameter. The point P is at latitude A, where A is the angle that the line joining
the point P to the centre of the Earth makes with the Equator.
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